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2023年8月1日， 黑尔蒂芙尼, assistant professor of religion, published new research in a special issue of the Pacific Historical Review 题为“Indigenous Religious Traditions and the Limits of White Supremacy.” In the article, Hale introduces the concept of 逃亡的宗教 as a new framework for understanding how displaced Indigenous groups after the United States Civil War fought for their existence. Hale argues that 逃亡的宗教 enabled Native nations to create zones of protection for the self and the community in an era characterized by acute racial violence. She highlights the Ghost Dance, a pan-Indian religious movement launched to reclaim Native American traditions and cultures, as an example of 逃亡的宗教.